thiamine Research Reference

Catalog classification, reference sizes, lab math links, and source-backed data. Educational use only — not medical advice.

Researched for: PepTools vendor-neutral scientific reference catalog

water-soluble vitamin; vitamin B1 compound Reference needs_revision Best effort · source review pending

Also known as: thiamin, vitamin B1, aneurin, antiberiberi factor

Open in Calculator ← Compound Index All Tools

Best-effort research profile: this record has not passed full two-source scientific verification. Descriptive fields, research protocols, storage/handling notes, and interaction guidance below are shown with their evidence labels, but calculator presets and exact dosing math remain hidden until the record is verified or reaches Community-Supported status.

Quick Facts

Reference Sizes

Not standardized / source review pending

Storage

Form-specific. The DailyMed thiamine hydrochloride injection label specifies storage at 20–25°C (68–77°F). The label also states that thiamine is stable in the dry state and rapidly destroyed in neutral or alkaline solutions.

Solubility

Thiamine is described as soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine hydrochloride is freely soluble in water, soluble in glycerin, slightly soluble in alcohol, and insoluble in ether and benzene.

Best-Effort Research Profile

Thiamine is a naturally occurring water-soluble B vitamin. Its metabolically active diphosphate form, thiamine diphosphate, functions as a cofactor for enzymes involved in glucose, amino-acid, and lipid metabolism. Human body stores are small, and excess thiamine is primarily excreted in urine.

Source review pending. This descriptive profile is shown from the available source material as a best-effort educational reference. It has not passed the full verification bar and is not a dosing instruction, medical claim, or treatment recommendation.

Research Profile

Half-Life

Context-dependent. A mean plasma elimination half-life of approximately 1.8 days has been reported under repeated pharmacological dosing, while biological half-life estimates for body thiamine range approximately 9–18 days.

Administration Routes (Research)

oralintramuscularintravenous

Reported Research Effects

Acts as the precursor to thiamine diphosphate, a cofactor for transketolase and several oxidative decarboxylation enzymes.
Supports cellular energy metabolism involving glucose, amino acids, and lipids.
Insufficient thiamine status is associated with deficiency syndromes including beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Reflects preclinical/research literature context only. Not a medical claim, dosing instruction, or treatment recommendation.

Research Notes

Evidence-backed administration regimens in the literature and regulatory labeling are indication- and formulation-specific and should not be generalized to the parent compound. Common reference sizes were not entered because standardized catalog sizes are not an intrinsic scientific property of thiamine. Injectable thiamine hydrochloride labeling includes IM and slow IV administration and warns of serious hypersensitivity reactions with parenteral use.

Supplementary research context only. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.

Registry Identifiers

PubChem CID 1130; ChEBI CHEBI:18385; CAS 70-16-6; molecular formula C12H17N4OS+; molecular weight 265.36 g/mol; IUPAC name 3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium; InChIKey JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Source-Backed Observations

The parent thiamine species is represented as a thiazolium cation. Common reference materials may use thiamine hydrochloride or thiamine mononitrate salts; these are related forms and should not be conflated with the parent compound. Thiamine has limited body storage and a short functional availability period relative to fat-soluble vitamins.

Reflects published research. Educational reference — not a recommendation for use.

Sources Under Review

Thiamine | CID 1130
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thiamine (accessed 2026-09-26)

Thiamin: Health Professional Fact Sheet
https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Thiamin-HealthProfessional/ (accessed 2026-09-26)

THIAMINE—thiamine hydrochloride injection, solution
https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=af3f9344-f743-4bad-b319-53b96e13fee2&version=3 (accessed 2026-09-26)

Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK114331/ (accessed 2026-09-26)

Suggest a community source

Found a relevant Reddit or forum thread about this compound? Suggest it below. Every suggestion is reviewed by an editor before it appears -- nothing is published automatically.

Related Research Tools

Reconstitution CalculatorConcentration, draw volume, per-unit amounts Unit Convertermg, mcg, mL, units conversion Compound CompareSide-by-side comparison tool Cost CalculatorCost per mg, mcg, per-draw

Research Use Only. All content is for educational and research reference only. Not medical advice, a treatment recommendation, or guidance on human use. Compounds are not FDA-approved drugs unless specifically noted.