Human GLP-1 Research Reference

Catalog classification, reference sizes, lab math links, and source-backed data. Educational use only — not medical advice.

Researched for: PepTools vendor-neutral scientific reference catalog

Endogenous peptide hormone; incretin; glucagon peptide family compound Reference needs_revision Best effort · source review pending

Also known as: Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1, Human GLP-1(7-36) amide, Human GLP-1(7-37), Incretin hormone

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Best-effort research profile: this record has not passed full two-source scientific verification. Descriptive fields, research protocols, storage/handling notes, and interaction guidance below are shown with their evidence labels, but calculator presets and exact dosing math remain hidden until the record is verified or reaches Community-Supported status.

Quick Facts

Reference Sizes

Not standardized / source review pending

Best-Effort Research Profile

Human GLP-1 is produced by tissue-specific post-translational processing of proglucagon, primarily in intestinal enteroendocrine L cells and also in pancreatic alpha cells and selected neurons. The active peptides GLP-1(7-36) amide and GLP-1(7-37) stimulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and interact with the human GLP-1 receptor. Native GLP-1 is rapidly inactivated, principally through DPP-4-mediated cleavage to N-terminally truncated metabolites such as GLP-1(9-36) amide.

Source review pending. This descriptive profile is shown from the available source material as a best-effort educational reference. It has not passed the full verification bar and is not a dosing instruction, medical claim, or treatment recommendation.

Research Profile

Half-Life

Short and condition-dependent. In healthy human subjects, reported plasma half-lives were 5.3 ± 0.4 minutes for GLP-1(7-36) amide and 6.1 ± 0.8 minutes for GLP-1(7-37). Other authoritative summaries report approximately 1–5 minutes for endogenous GLP-1, depending on study conditions and measurement approach.

Reported Research Effects

Stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
Suppresses plasma glucagon levels in glucose-relevant experimental contexts.
Activates the human GLP-1 receptor and increases intracellular cAMP signaling.
Influences gastrointestinal motility, including gastric emptying, as described for endogenous GLP-1 biology.

Data source: Primary literature, regulator records, trial registries, and identity-specific evidence search

Reflects preclinical/research literature context only. Not a medical claim, dosing instruction, or treatment recommendation.

Research Notes

Native human GLP-1 is not equivalent to longer-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist analogues. DPP-4 cleaves GLP-1(7-36) amide and GLP-1(7-37) near the N terminus to form GLP-1(9-36) amide or GLP-1(9-37). Evidence-backed experimental administration parameters exist in individual studies, but no generalized catalog route, dose, formulation, solubility, or storage specification was assigned here.

Supplementary research context only. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation.

Registry Identifiers

Human proglucagon precursor: UniProtKB P01275; gene: GCG; species: Homo sapiens; UniProt entry also identifies GLP-1(7-37) and GLP-1(7-36) as processed products; PubChem CID 146156375 corresponds to human GLP-1(7-36) amide.

Source-Backed Observations

The term human GLP-1 may refer collectively to the endogenous active forms GLP-1(7-36) amide and GLP-1(7-37). The 30-residue GLP-1(7-36) amide form has a C-terminal amide, while GLP-1(7-37) is the 31-residue glycine-extended form. Human intestinal studies identified GLP-1(7-36) amide as a naturally occurring peptide, and both forms showed comparable biological effects in healthy subjects.

Reflects published research. Educational reference — not a recommendation for use.

Sources Under Review

Biological effects and metabolic rates of glucagonlike peptide-1 7-36 amide and glucagonlike peptide-1 7-37 in healthy subjects are indistinguishable
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8482423/ (accessed 2026-09-01)

Degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 by human plasma in vitro yields an N-terminally truncated peptide that is a major endogenous metabolite in vivo
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7883856/ (accessed 2026-09-01)

Human GLP-1-(7-36)-amide, PubChem Compound Summary CID 146156375
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Human-GLP-1-_7-36_-amide (accessed 2026-09-01)

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Research Use Only. All content is for educational and research reference only. Not medical advice, a treatment recommendation, or guidance on human use. Compounds are not FDA-approved drugs unless specifically noted.